Visit EASTERN TURKEY: Places To See and Things To Do

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Eastern Turkey is a region of dramatic mountains, vast plateaus, and deep history, where ancient civilizations flourished amid breathtaking natural beauty. From the medieval ruins of Ani to the majestic Mount Ararat, and from the Ottoman splendor of Ishak Pasha Palace to the tranquil shores of Lake Van, Eastern Turkey offers travelers a rich blend of archaeological wonders, vibrant culture, authentic cuisine, and awe-inspiring scenery.

Kars & Ani

The city of Kars is a gateway to some of Turkey’s most remarkable historical treasures. Just outside Kars lies the ancient ruined city of Ani, once a thriving medieval Armenian capital known as the “City of 1001 Churches.” Walk among the vast stone remains of churches, city walls, and palaces set against a stark highland backdrop. Ani’s haunting beauty, with its crumbling but imposing structures, makes it a must-visit for history lovers.

Kars is also famous for its local cheese, Kars gravyer, influenced by European traditions, and hearty dishes such as Kaz (goose) roast which is a regional delicacy, especially enjoyed during festive seasons.

Erzurum

Erzurum is a historic city surrounded by high mountains, famed for its Seljuk architecture and vibrant winter sports scene at Palandöken Ski Resort. Explore the impressive Çifte Minareli Medrese, a symbol of Seljuk art with its twin minarets, and wander the bustling bazaars filled with local handicrafts.

The cuisine here reflects hearty mountain fare—try cağ kebabı, a unique horizontally grilled lamb dish, and su böreği, a layered pastry with cheese and herbs. Erzurum’s kömbe, a spiced pastry often prepared for celebrations, is another local favorite.

Erzincan

Erzincan is known for its beautiful natural springs and historic Tercan Tunnel, an ancient passage carved into the mountains, which served as a strategic route through Eastern Anatolia. Erzincan’s landscape offers scenic hiking opportunities and a peaceful atmosphere.

Food lovers will enjoy leblebi (roasted chickpeas), a famous snack from Erzincan, and traditional dishes like kesme çorbası (hand-cut noodle soup) and Erzincan tava (a special lamb and rice dish).

Mount Ararat

Rising to 5,137 meters, Mount Ararat is Turkey’s highest peak and the legendary resting place of Noah’s Ark. Adventurous travelers can arrange guided treks around its base or attempt summit climbs during summer months. The snow-capped peak dominates the skyline and offers dramatic photo opportunities.

Ishak Pasha Palace

Near the town of Doğubayazıt, the magnificent Ishak Pasha Palace combines Ottoman, Persian, and Armenian architectural styles. This sprawling palace complex, perched on a hillside, includes ornate chambers, courtyards, and a mosque, reflecting the power and artistry of the 17th century. The views across the plains and mountains add to its grandeur.

Van and Its Surroundings

The city of Van sits on the eastern shores of Lake Van, Turkey’s largest lake, known for its deep blue waters and stunning mountain backdrop. Visit Van Castle, a massive medieval fortress overlooking the lake, and explore the nearby dramatic stone fortress of Hoşap, surrounded by fertile valleys.

Nearby is the ancient Urartian fortress of Çavuştepe, with well-preserved walls and gates dating back to the 9th century BCE.

A highlight of the region is Akdamar Island, home to the stunning Akdamar Church, a 10th-century Armenian cathedral famous for its detailed stone carvings and beautiful lakeside setting.

Van’s cuisine is rich and unique, featuring Van breakfast—a generous spread including local cheeses, honey, fresh bread, and the distinctive Van balığı (Van fish), a type of pearl mullet found only in Lake Van.

Sivas

Sivas sits at the heart of Eastern Anatolia and has long been a crossroads of civilizations. The stunning Gök Medrese, decorated with vibrant blue tiles, stands as a symbol of Seljuk architecture. Wander its lively bazaars and sample local street foods such as Sivas köfte—meatballs with distinctive spices—and madımak, a regional wild herb stew.

Sivas is also renowned for its cultural festivals and warm hospitality, offering travelers a taste of authentic Anatolian life.

Bitlis

Bitlis, located in the mountainous heart of Eastern Turkey, is a city where history and nature intertwine beautifully. With its rich past stretching from Urartian times through the Ottoman era, Bitlis offers travelers a blend of historic architecture, breathtaking landscapes, and authentic regional culture.

Dominating the city skyline is the impressive Bitlis Castle, a fortress with roots dating back over 2,500 years. Visitors can explore its stone walls and terraces, which provide panoramic views of the city and the surrounding valleys carved by the Hizan River. The castle’s architecture reflects layers of civilizations, including Urartian, Roman, Byzantine, and Ottoman influences.

The old town of Bitlis features traditional Ottoman houses with wooden balconies and narrow streets, giving a glimpse into local life and architecture. Small mosques and historic buildings add to the town’s charm.

Just outside Bitlis lies the spectacular Nemrut Crater Lake, a volcanic caldera lake surrounded by alpine meadows and pine forests. It is one of Turkey’s most scenic natural spots, ideal for hiking, photography, and picnics during the warmer months. The fresh mountain air and pristine surroundings offer a perfect escape into nature.

Bitlis is home to Kurdish and Turkish communities, whose traditions enrich the local culture. The markets are lively with fresh produce, nuts, and handcrafted goods. Regional dishes are hearty and flavorful—don’t miss büryan kebabı, a slow-roasted lamb specialty cooked underground, and keşkek, a traditional wheat and meat stew often served at celebrations.